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The Kosovo Dilemma: Albanian war Concept vs. Serbian Peaceful Compromise (Report)
The problem of Kosovo is, beyond doubt, the most complex multi-ethnic conflict in contemporary Europe raising dangerous security challenges that represent a long-term threat to the stability of both Serbia and the whole region. It might even, if left uncontrolled, bring back the whole of the Western Balkans into the vicious cycle of renewed multi-ethnic conflicts, provoking a domino-effect with unforeseeable consequences. (1) The roots of Kosovo conflict dates way back in the past but were accelerated by combined effects of nationalism, religious and ideological strife in the twentieth century. After World War Two and the subsequent communist takeover, Yugoslavia, previously a kingdom was restored as a Soviet-type communist federation. Serbia became one of its six federal units, with Kosovo and Metohija, a region with a mixed Serb and Albanian population, within its borders. It was under Tito, that Kosovo and Metohija--under Byzantium, Serbian Kingdom, Empire and Despotate, as well as during the Ottoman rule, modern Kingdom of Serbia and royal Yugoslavia respectively--integrated in wider political units, became a distinct entity. It was in 1945 that Kosovo emerged for the first time in history as a separate administrative unit, autonomous region (autonomna oblast) within Serbia. At first a region (1946), Kosovo was upgraded into an autonomous province (1963) of Serbia, equal in autonomous rights with the northern Serbian province of Vojvodina. (2)
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