Complex Networks & Their Applications XII

Complex Networks & Their Applications XII

This book highlights cutting-edge research in the field of network science, offering scientists, researchers, students and practitioners a unique update on the latest advances in theory and a multitude of applications. It presents the peer-reviewed proceedings of the XII International Conference on Complex Networks and their Applications (COMPLEX NETWORKS 2023). The carefully selected papers cover a wide range of theoretical topics such as network embedding and network geometry; community structure, network dynamics; diffusion, epidemics and spreading processes; machine learning and graph neural networks as well as all the main network applications, including social and political networks; networks in finance and economics; biological networks and technological networks.

Artificial Intelligence Strategies for Early Intervention in Neurodegeneration

Artificial Intelligence Strategies for Early Intervention in Neurodegeneration

Artificial Intelligence Strategies for Early Intervention in Neurodegeneration addresses the challenges surrounding the implementation of AI-based diagnoses of neurological disorders. These challenges include the lack of large, high-quality datasets, the necessity for standardization of data collection and analysis protocols, technical hurdles in developing accurate and reliable AI algorithms, and the requirement for regulatory approval and integration into clinical workflows. The book's content provides guidance to researchers on how to develop and integrate AI algorithms and biomarker analysis into their workflow, leading to a significant change in disease diagnosis.These techniques involve the analysis of physiological signals and images to identify patterns associated with specific diseases, and how AI algorithms can analyze medical imagery and movement and speech patterns to identify early signs of neurodegenerative diseases. - Presents an interdisciplinary perspective from experts in biomedical engineering, artificial intelligence, and neurology - Covers emerging research trends, providing a roadmap for researchers to contribute to this evolving field - Highlights the use of machine learning and artificial intelligence for the automated diagnosis of neurological disorders

Spiegare il mondo

Spiegare il mondo

Fu nelle colonie greche del Mediterraneo, tra il VI e il V secolo a.C., che vennero formulate le prime congetture sulla sostanza fondamentale di cui è fatto il mondo. «Fisici» e filosofi erano alla ricerca dei principi costituenti dell'universo, e questa indagine - da Talete a Eraclito, da Parmenide a Democrito - condusse alle prime, originali risposte circa la natura e l'apparenza delle cose. Nell'indagare e descrivere una realtà sottostante e unificatrice, gli antichi greci erano come gli scienziati moderni. Ma, secondo il premio Nobel per la fisica Steven Weinberg, la somiglianza finisce qui. Infatti nessuno - a Mileto, a Efeso, ad Abdera o ad Atene - cercò mai di «spiegare» come le teorie sul principio fondamentale del kosmos rendessero conto delle apparenze, così come nessuno tentò di verificare o anche solo giustificare le proprie ipotesi. Non si trattava di pigrizia intellettuale. Semplicemente, i greci non ne avvertivano la necessità e «non lo avevano mai visto fare».Per arrivare a una comprensione scientifica del mondo si dovrà attendere, per Weinberg, la grande rivoluzione intellettuale che, tra il XVI e il XVII secolo, condurrà alla «scoperta» della scienza moderna, vale a dire quell'insieme di pratiche, di canoni e di procedure con cui oggi guardiamo ai fenomeni dell'universo. È stato un cammino lungo e difficile, che dall'Accademia di Platone e il Museo di Alessandria, passando per l'elaborazione compiuta in Europa e nei paesi arabi durante il Medioevo, ha portato alle grandi imprese di Copernico e Keplero, Tycho Brahe e Descartes, Galileo e Newton. Un cammino che l'autore di Spiegare il mondo ripercorre nelle sue tappe fondamentali - con un'attenzione rivolta in particolare alla storia della fisica e dell'astronomia -, soffermandosi sugli snodi concettuali, le discontinuità, gli errori e le vie «sbagliate», senza tralasciare i conflitti sorti in epoche e contesti differenti con i dogmi della fede e le istituzioni religiose, né i rapporti, dai contorni spesso indistinti, con la filosofia e la tecnologia. Un cammino, infine, seguito con una buona dose di irriverenza - in particolare laddove Weinberg non esita a criticare i metodi e le teorie del passato alla luce delle conoscenze attuali - e con la consapevolezza che la scienza, lungi dal garantire una qualche forma di certezza, non è altro che il tentativo di dare una risposta «soddisfacente» alle domande che da sempre l'uomo si pone circa le leggi della natura. Una risposta spesso accidentale, a volte imprevedibile, ma che tuttavia è in grado di avvicinarci a una conoscenza che oltre a essere attendibile è anche fonte di gioia.

Uncovering Student Ideas in Physical Science, Volume 1

Uncovering Student Ideas in Physical Science, Volume 1

Nationally known science educator Page Keeley— principal author of the hugely popular, four-volume NSTA Press series Uncovering Students Ideas in Science— has teamed up with physicist and science educator Rand Harrington to write this first volume in their new series on physical science. They begin with one of the most challenging topics in physical science: force and motion. The 45 assessment probes in this book enable teachers to find out what students really think about key ideas in force and motion. The Teacher Notes, which can be used before and after administering the probe, provide background information on • the purpose of the probe; • related concepts; • an explanation— for the teacher— of the force and motion idea being taught;• related ideas in Benchmarks for Science Literacy and the National Science Education Standards;• research on typical student misconceptions related to the force and motion concept; and• suggestions for instruction and assessment.The book specifies grade spans— K-4, 5– 8, 9– 12— for each probe, based on state and national standards, and suggests ways to adapt a probe for a different grade span or context.

Mushrooms in Sustainable Development

Mushrooms in Sustainable Development

The book highlights the importance of mushrooms and their effective application in the nutraceutical sector, along with their role in promoting environmental resilience. The goal of this book is to highlight the gaps in the research on mushrooms as a possible source of superfoods and highly nutritious substances, with the ultimate goal of helping to reach the current sustainable development goals (SDGs). Additionally, it will explore potential applications in industrial development. This book aims to thoroughly examine the diverse aspects of the design, application, and integration of mushrooms in the agriculture, nutraceuticals, and food sectors. The discussion will explore their applications in sectors including food processing, food packaging, and sustainable agricultural practices aimed at enhancing yield. This book looks to explore the existing limitations and possible solutions within the realm of mushroom technology, emphasizing their contribution to promoting a sustainable economy.Features: Addresses the global prevalence of mushrooms and their potential applications in industry and environmental sustainability. Discusses the significance of mushrooms and their effective utilization. Provides examples of nanomaterials derived from mushrooms. Discusses how the emergence and increasing application of mushrooms in the development of smart and sustainable food and nutraceuticals contribute to a sustainable bioeconomy. Discusses current challenges and limitations, along with future prospects, for utilizing mushrooms in achieving sustainable development goals.

InterPlanetary Transmissions: Genesis

InterPlanetary Transmissions: Genesis

This volume is a record of the proceedings of the first InterPlanetary Festival, held in Santa Fe, New Mexico, in June of 2018 by the Santa Fe Institute, birthplace of complexity science. An annual free public event, the InterPlanetary Festival combines an exploration of complexity science and technological innovation with a summer festival full of music, film, art, food, drinks, and more. The Festival is just one aspect of the broader InterPlanetary Project, which is equal parts conference, festival, and research program. The first project of its kind to combine celebration with experimentation, and conversation with analysis, the InterPlanetary Project seeks to be nothing less than a whole-planet project—beyond borders, beyond politics, beyond economics—to activate the collective intelligence of our first planet: Earth.

The Collapse of Western Civilization

The Collapse of Western Civilization

The year is 2393, and the world is almost unrecognizable. Clear warnings of climate catastrophe went ignored for decades, leading to soaring temperatures, rising sea levels, widespread drought and—finally—the disaster now known as the Great Collapse of 2093, when the disintegration of the West Antarctica Ice Sheet led to mass migration and a complete reshuffling of the global order. Writing from the Second People's Republic of China on the 300th anniversary of the Great Collapse, a senior scholar presents a gripping and deeply disturbing account of how the children of the Enlightenment—the political and economic elites of the so-called advanced industrial societies—failed to act, and so brought about the collapse of Western civilization. In this haunting, provocative work of science-based fiction, Naomi Oreskes and Eric M. Conway imagine a world devastated by climate change. Dramatizing the science in ways traditional nonfiction cannot, the book reasserts the importance of scientists and the work they do and reveals the self-serving interests of the so called "carbon combustion complex" that have turned the practice of science into political fodder. Based on sound scholarship and yet unafraid to speak boldly, this book provides a welcome moment of clarity amid the cacophony of climate change literature.

Suntem indeajuns de inteligenti pentru a intelege inteligenta animalelor?

Suntem indeajuns de inteligenti pentru a intelege inteligenta animalelor?

Cu ilustrațiile autoruluiTraducere de Carmen Strungaru Bestseller New York Times Suntem îndeajuns de inteligenți pentru a înțelege inteligența animalelor? ne poartă într-o călătorie fascinantă prin lumea surprinzătoare a cogniției animalelor, care nu sunt niște simple mașinării ce răspund la stimuli și reacționează mânate numai de instinct. Autorul ne arată felul în care cercetările din ultimele decenii au descoperit că primatele își pot face planuri pentru viitor și pot folosi unelte, că delfinii sunt capabili de empatie și se pot striga pe nume, că unele păsări au o memorie vizuală uimitoare și chiar se pot recunoaște în oglindă, sau că elefanții își pot da seama ce sex au oamenii cu care interacționează. Cartea lui Frans de Waal ne va face astfel să reexaminăm tot ceea ce credeam că știm atât despre inteligența animalelor, cât și despre a oamenilor. „De ce e omenirea atât de înclinată să subestimeze inteligența animalelor? Le negăm în mod con-stant capacități pe care le considerăm de la sine înțelese în ceea ce ne privește. Ce se ascunde în spatele acestei atitudini? În încercarea de a înțelege la ce nivel mental operează celelalte specii, trebuie să admitem că adevăratele provocări nu vin numai din partea animalelor, ci și din partea noastră. [...] Înainte de a ne întreba dacă animalele posedă un anumit tip de inteligență, în special una de care suntem atât de atașați, trebuie să depășim măcar rezistența internă de a recunoaște această posibilitate. De aici și întrebarea centrală a acestei cărți: «Suntem îndeajuns de inteligenți pentru a înțelege inteligența animalelor?»“ – FRANS DE WAAL „Pe lângă faptul că este plină de informații și provocatoare, cartea lui Frans de Waal se dovedește o lectură cât se poate de plăcută.“ – The Washington Post

Lignocellulosic Biomass Refining for Second Generation Biofuel Production

Lignocellulosic Biomass Refining for Second Generation Biofuel Production

This book compiles research aspects of second-generation (2G) biofuel production derived specifically from lignocellulose biomass using biorefinery methods. It focuses on the valorization of different sources of 2G biofuels and their relative importance. The constituents of lignocelluloses and their potential characteristics different methods of treating lignocellulose, various means of lignocellulose bioconversion, and biofuel production strategies are discussed.Features:Describes technological advancements for bioethanol production from lignocellulosic waste Provides the roadmap for the production and utilization of 2G biofuels Introduces the strategic role of metabolic engineering in the development of 2G biofuels Discusses technological advancements, life cycle assessment, and prospects Explores the novel potential lignocellulosic biomass for 2G biofuels This book is aimed at researchers and professionals in renewable energy, biofuel, bioethanol, lignocellulose conversion, fermentation, and chemical engineering.

Towards Green ICT

Towards Green ICT

ICT is playing an increasingly important role in both business and individual's private life. It has increased international interconnectedness and speed up the process of globalization. But on the other side the total energy consumption by the communication and networking devices and the relevant global CO emission is increasing exponentially. ICT has, in many ways, a vital role to play. It accounts for about two percent of global CO emissions. Telecommunications applications can have a direct, tangible impact on lowering greenhouse gas emissions, power consumption, and achieve efficient recycling of equipment waste.This book is the outcome of the special session on Green Communications at 'The 12th International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications' (WPMC) held in September '09 in Sendai, Japan. To the best of the editors' knowledge this is the first book on the Green Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and can be considered a milestone and a key-tool aimed at driving the industrial, scientific and academic efforts of the international community to guarantee a greener future to the whole planet.

Race for Space 5: Fly Me to the Moon

Race for Space 5: Fly Me to the Moon

In May 1961, seven months before America had even sent an astronaut into orbit, President John F. Kennedy boldly announced to Congress that the nation would land a man on the Moon before the end of the decade. Book 5 in the Race for Space series describes how NASA rose to the challenge of embarking on the biggest technological and engineering challenge since the development of the atomic bomb.

Storage and Hybridization of Nuclear Energy

Storage and Hybridization of Nuclear Energy

Storage and Hybridization of Nuclear Energy: Techno-economic Integration of Renewable and Nuclear Energy provides a unique analysis of the storage and hybridization of nuclear and renewable energy. Editor Bindra and his team of expert contributors present various global methodologies to obtain the techno-economic feasibility of the integration of storage or hybrid cycles in nuclear power plants. Aimed at those studying, researching and working in the nuclear engineering field, this book offers nuclear reactor technology vendors, nuclear utilities workers and regulatory commissioners a very unique resource on how to access reliable, flexible and clean energy from variable-generation. - Presents a unique view on the technologies and systems available to integrate renewables and nuclear energy - Provides insights into the different methodologies and technologies currently available for the storage of energy - Includes case studies from well-known experts working on specific integration concepts around the world

The Triune Brain, Hypnosis and the Evolution of Consciousness

The Triune Brain, Hypnosis and the Evolution of Consciousness

The only person who has produced a cogent understanding of the extraordinary phenomenon of hypnosis is Julian Jaynes, one of the most important figures of the twentieth century, but tragically overlooked. Jaynes linked hypnosis to the bicameral (two-hemisphered) structure of the brain, and inferred that consciousness arose from the breakdown of a prior "master-slave" mode of functioning that he called the "bicameral mind". The architecture of consciousness is the opposite of the architecture of bicameralism. The former hasn’t replaced the latter. It simply sits on top of it, and in certain circumstances the old architecture can reassert itself. This is what happens with hypnosis. All of human behavior may be understood in terms of the ongoing conflict between these two architectures. Although most people seem conscious, they are often in a thinly-disguised bicameral mode that reflects the master-slave paradigm. This book is one of a series by the Pythagorean Illuminati.

Scrisori de la un astrofizician

Scrisori de la un astrofizician

O carte ce vine să completeze magistral bestsellerul absolut Astrofizica pentru cei grăbiți.Astrofizicianul Neil deGrasse Tyson se bucură de una dintre cele mai mari comunități online de urmăritori datorită abordărilor sale inedite privind știința și universul nostru, abordări totodată extrem de accesibile publicului larg. Acum, Tyson ne invită să pătrundem în culisele faimei lui mondiale, făcându-ne cunoscută corespondența sa cu oameni din toată lumea, care i-au scris căutând răspunsuri. În acest volum, ce adună 101 de scrisori atent selectate, Tyson apelează la perspectivele cosmice pentru a răspunde celor mai diverse întrebări despre știință, credință, viață și, desigur, despre planeta Pluto. Răspunsurile sale concise, avizate, pasionate și adesea amuzante oglindesc popularitatea și reputația lui de excelent profesor formator.Bestsellerul lui Tyson din 2017, Astrofizica pentru cei grăbiți, a ajutat peste un milion de cititori, într-o manieră deopotrivă profundă și accesibilă, să înțeleagă din ce este alcătuit universul nostru.Cartea cea mai plină de sinceritate și de emoție de până acum a lui Tyson, Scrisori de la un astrofizician, ne face cunoștință cu o latură nouă, personală a strădaniei lui Tyson de a explora locul nostru în cosmos.„Megastarul american al astrofizicii, Neil deGrasse Tyson își confirmă, prin această carte ce reunește o parte importantă din corespondența sa cu cititorii, rolul de educator al publicului larg." - The Times„Oamenii care îi scriu nu sunt interesați doar de astronomie. Întrebările și frământările lor sunt legate de religie, filosofie, Nostradamus – de viață, în general. Iar Tyson le răspunde tuturor cu umor, compasiune și, uneori, cu o fermitate de pedagog." - Amazon Book Review„O carte sclipitoare! Alături de Astrofizica pentru cei grăbiți, ale cărei idei le completează strălucit, Scrisori de la un astrofizician îi va ajuta și pe cititorii circumspecți față de știință să descopere și să înțeleagă acest domeniu fascinant." – Booklist

The Concept of Nature. Illustrated

The Concept of Nature. Illustrated

The Concept of Nature by Alfred North Whitehead is a foundational work in the philosophy of science, offering a profound examination of how nature is understood and experienced. Published in 1920, this influential text challenges traditional notions of time, space, and perception, presenting a fresh and dynamic framework for understanding the natural world. Whitehead critiques the mechanistic view of nature, proposing instead that nature is a complex interplay of processes and events. He explores the relationship between scientific observation and philosophical interpretation, emphasizing the importance of integrating scientific knowledge with a broader metaphysical perspective. Through his innovative ideas on time, relativity, and the interconnectedness of phenomena, Whitehead’s The Concept of Nature invites readers to reconsider their assumptions about the physical universe and its underlying principles. This work remains essential reading for those interested in the philosophy of science, metaphysics, and the nature of reality.

The Math Gene

The Math Gene

If people are endowed with a "number instinct" similar to the "language instinct" -- as recent research suggests -- then why can't everyone do math? In The Math Gene, mathematician and popular writer Keith Devlin attacks both sides of this question. Devlin offers a breathtakingly new theory of language development that describes how language evolved in two stages and how its main purpose was not communication. Devlin goes on to show that the ability to think mathematically arose out of the same symbol-manipulating ability that was so crucial to the very first emergence of true language. Why, then, can't we do math as well as we speak? The answer, says Devlin, is that we can and do -- we just don't recognize when we're using mathematical reasoning.

Energy Science And Technology (Hydrogen And Other Technologies)

Energy Science And Technology (Hydrogen And Other Technologies)

The global energy supply is principally based on the combustion of fossil fuels namely coal, oil and natural gas. These combustion processes caused annual carbon dioxide (CO2) emission of 36.3 billion metric tonnes in 2013. Before the industrial revolution of 19th century, global average CO2 concentration was about 280 ppm, which has increased to a level of 395.28 ppm in September 2014. The upper safety limit for atmospheric CO2 is 350 ppm. The 1987 was the last year when the annual CO2 concentration was less than 350 ppm (349.16 ppm). The hydrogen as a fuel attracts attention of scientific community due to absence of these CO2 emissions and is considered as a renewable and sustainable solution for reducing global fossil fuel consumption and combating global warming. The main focus of this volume is on hydrogen energy, but some articles on bioenergy, cogeneration, small hydropower and other technologies have also succeeded in getting a place in the content list of this volume. The topics covered in this volume include: o Hydrogen energy o Hydrogen production from water via thermochemical cycles o Hydrogen production from waste o Production of biological hydrogen from agriculture waste o Hydrogen generation into a low-carbon energy system o Nanostructured metal oxides and chalcogenides for hydrogen production o Impedance investigations of hydrogen evolution reaction on Ni and NiMn alloy o Recent advances in hydrogen production by dark fermentation technology o Simulation and optimization of various hydrogen and synthesis gas producing methods o Techniques to shape porous materials for hydrogen storage o Waste-to-energy systems o Bioenergy production from complex waste waters o Biogas: sources, purification and uses o Biogas production, power generation, upgradation and bottling for vehicular application o Cogeneration o Gas turbines and combined cycle gas turbines o Exhaust heat recovery techniques of IC engines by organic rankine cycle o Performance characteristics and preliminary design criteria of Stirling engines o Pressurized circulating fluidized bed technology o Carbon nanomaterials as electrocatalysts for energy conversion o Decarburization and energy consumption minimization for road transport sector o Small hydropower as a promising source for electricity generation o Polyaromatic membranes for SO2 electrolysis The volume 11 contains 23 chapters from 70 researchers, academicians and professionals representing 14 nations, namely Brazil, China, Finland, Germany, India, Iran, Italy, Portugal, Romania, Singapore, South Africa, Spain, Taiwan and United Arab Emirates giving an overview of the various research activities being carried out in different parts of the world on Hydrogen and Other Technologies.

Methods and Applications of Algorithmic Complexity

Methods and Applications of Algorithmic Complexity

This book explores a different pragmatic approach to algorithmic complexity rooted or motivated by the theoretical foundations of algorithmic probability and explores the relaxation of necessary and sufficient conditions in the pursuit of numerical applicability, with some of these approaches entailing greater risks than others in exchange for greater relevance and applicability.Some established and also novel techniques in the field of applications of algorithmic (Kolmogorov) complexity currently coexist for the first time, ranging from the dominant ones based upon popular statistical lossless compression algorithms (such as LZW) to newer approaches that advance, complement, and also pose their own limitations. Evidence suggesting that these different methods complement each other for different regimes is presented, and despite their many challenges, some of these methods are better grounded in or motivated by the principles of algorithmic information. The authors propose that the field can make greater contributions to science, causation, scientific discovery, networks, and cognition, to mention a few among many fields, instead of remaining either as a technical curiosity of mathematical interest only or as a statistical tool when collapsed into an application of popular lossless compression algorithms. This book goes, thus, beyond popular statistical lossless compression and introduces a different methodological approach to dealing with algorithmic complexity.For example, graph theory and network science are classic subjects in mathematics widely investigated in the twentieth century, transforming research in many fields of science from economy to medicine. However, it has become increasingly clear that the challenge of analyzing these networks cannot be addressed by tools relying solely on statistical methods. Therefore, model-driven approaches are needed. Recent advances in network science suggest that algorithmic information theory could play an increasingly important role in breaking those limits imposed by traditional statistical analysis (entropy or statistical compression) in modeling evolving complex networks or interacting networks.  Further progress on this front calls for new techniques for an improved mechanistic understanding of complex systems, thereby calling out for increased interaction between systems science, network theory, and algorithmic information theory, to which this book contributes.

Project Mercury Volume I: History In Text, Drawings, Photographs and Film

Project Mercury Volume I: History In Text, Drawings, Photographs and Film

Project Mercury Goals Initiated in 1958, completed in 1963, Project Mercury was the United States' first man-in-space program. The objectives of the program, which made six manned flights from 1961 to 1963, were specific: To orbit a manned spacecraft around Earth; To investigate man's ability to function in space; To recover both man and spacecraft safely. BOOK SUBJECTS By CHAPTER: 1. TEXT - PROJECT MERCURY OVERVIEW, MISSION SUMMARIES AND ASTRONAUT BIOGRAPHIES 2.  SPACECRAFT DRAWINGS 3. PHOTOGRAPHS - PROJECT EARLY DEVELOPMENT 4. VIDEO - The History of Mercury Mission Control (2013) 5. VIDEO - Astronauts: United States Project Mercury, ca. 1960 6. VIDEO - The John Glenn Story (1963)

High Altitude Balloons

High Altitude Balloons

High Altitude Balloons explores the exciting world of near-space exploration using stratospheric balloons, offering a cost-effective alternative to traditional satellites for scientific research and communication. These balloons have been used for meteorological research since the early 20th century, but recent advancements have dramatically expanded their capabilities. Readers will discover how high-altitude balloons are transforming fields like atmospheric research, remote sensing, and even citizen science, offering versatile platforms for various applications.The book takes a practical approach, guiding readers through payload design, mission planning, and execution, emphasizing the importance of understanding atmospheric science and balloon flight dynamics. It showcases real-world examples and case studies from NASA, NOAA, and university-led projects.The book begins with the fundamentals of stratospheric ballooning, then progresses to cover payload integration, mission planning, and various applications, providing the knowledge and tools necessary to design and execute balloon missions.