The Cambridge Companion to the Philosophy of Biology

The Cambridge Companion to the Philosophy of Biology

The philosophy of biology is one of the most exciting new areas in the field of philosophy and one that is attracting much attention from working scientists. This Companion, edited by two of the founders of the field, includes newly commissioned essays by senior scholars and up-and-coming younger scholars who collectively examine the main areas of the subject - the nature of evolutionary theory, classification, teleology and function, ecology, and the problematic relationship between biology and religion, among other topics. Up-to-date and comprehensive in its coverage, this unique volume will be of interest not only to professional philosophers but also to students in the humanities and researchers in the life sciences and related areas of inquiry.

The Value of Life

The Value of Life

The Value of Life is an exploration of the actual and perceived importance of biological diversity for human beings and society. Stephen R. Kellert identifies ten basic values, which he describes as biologically based, inherent human tendencies that are greatly influenced and moderated by culture, learning, and experience. Drawing on 20 years of original research, he considers:the universal basis for how humans value naturedifferences in those values by gender, age, ethnicity, occupation, and geographic locationhow environment-related activities affect valuesvariation in values relating to different specieshow vlaues vary across culturespolicy and management implicationsThroughout the book, Kellert argues that the preservation of biodiversity is fundamentally linked to human well-being in the largest sense as he illustrates the importance of biological diversity to the human sociocultural and psychological condition.

The Dialectic of Duration

The Dialectic of Duration

In The Dialectic of Duration, Gaston Bachelard addresses the nature of time in response to the writings of his great contemporary, Henri Bergson. The work is motivated by a refutation of Bergson’s notion of duration – ‘lived time’, experienced as continuous. For Bachelard, experienced time is irreducibly fractured and interrupted, as indeed are material events. At stake is an entire conception of the physical world, an entire approach to the philosophy of science. It was in this work that Bachelard first marshalled all the components of his visionary philosophy of science, with its steady insistence on the human context and subtle encompassing of the irrational within the rational. The Dialectic of Duration reaches far beyond local arguments over the nature of the physical world to gesture toward the building of an entirely new form of philosophy.Ongoing publication made possible through the generous support of the Melbourne School of Continental Philosophy.

Epic Fails Book Set Vol. 1

Epic Fails Book Set Vol. 1

The Epic Fails book series is about major events in our history and culture that didn't work out. It's about other people who made big mistakes and what happened as a result. In other words, “epic fails”. This is an easy reading book with entertaining illustrations sprinkled throughout each book. Five major topics are covered: Diplomacy Let’s start by agreeing that peace is better than war. How do countries keep the peace? They have their diplomats talk! Sometimes diplomats shout and make rude hand gestures, too. In this book, you can read about diplomats making fools of themselves. Advertising You’re surrounded by it. It’s online, on clothes your friends wear, on blimps flying slowly over sports stadiums. You may want to get away from it. But does it work? Of course not! Read about some of the best of the worst. War Let’s start by agreeing that war may sometimes be necessary. Still, if you must fight a war, isn’t it better to win? In this book, you can read about military commanders who…wait, were they trying to lose?   Exploration Why do people explore? Maybe they just have to get away from home. In this book, you can read about explorers who got lost. And explorers who made a total mess of things. Should they have stayed home?   Invention Most people think it’s good to have new ideas. But what if your new ideas are terrible? In this book, you can read about people who turned their ideas (not all of them completely terrible) into inventions.  

Reflections on the Astronomy of Glasgow

Reflections on the Astronomy of Glasgow

How Astronomy contributed to the educational enlightenment of Glasgow, to its society and to its commerceThe words 'Astronomy' and 'Glasgow' seem an incongruous juxtaposition, and yet the two are closely linked over 500 years of history. This is a tale of enlightenment and scientific progress at both institutional and public levels. Combined with the ambitions of civic commerce, it is a story populated with noteworthy personalities and intense rivalries. It is remarkable to realise that the first Astronomy teaching in the Glasgow 'Colledge' presented an Earth-centred Universe, prior to the Copernican revolution of the mid sixteenth Century. Glasgow was later known astronomically for the telescope observations of sunspots made by Wilson in the 1760s, but less well known are the ideas related to mono-chromaticity within light, to dew point and hoar frost, and Herschel's discovery of infra-red energy in solar radiation by application of Glasgow-made thermometers. This engrossing and entertaining scientific history includes the story of Glasgow's 'Big Bang' of 1863, the controversy over 'Astronomer Royal for Scotland' and a historical survey of the eight observatories that once populated Glasgow. David Clarke brings us a complex weave of science and accompanying social history in this unique and fascinating work. Key Features:A comprehensive narrative of 500+ years of Glasgow's connections with Astronomy, the story being unique and non-comparable with any other city around the worldContributions made to Astronomy directly by Glasgow University, and new ideas developed there and picked up by others outside its walls are relatedProvides short biographies of colourful contributors to the Astronomical scene in GlasgowPresents the history, architecture and structures of eight Glasgow observatoriesGives insight on social aspects of Astronomy within Glasgow, its relationships with commerce, and the upsurge of interests in Astronomy by the general public

The Nature of Technology

The Nature of Technology

“More than anything else technology creates our world. It creates our wealth, our economy, our very way of being,” says W. Brian Arthur. Yet despite technology’s irrefutable importance in our daily lives, until now its major questions have gone unanswered. Where do new technologies come from? What constitutes innovation, and how is it achieved? Does technology, like biological life, evolve? In this groundbreaking work, pioneering technology thinker and economist W. Brian Arthur answers these questions and more, setting forth a boldly original way of thinking about technology. The Nature of Technology is an elegant and powerful theory of technology’s origins and evolution. Achieving for the development of technology what Thomas Kuhn’s The Structure of Scientific Revolutions did for scientific progress, Arthur explains how transformative new technologies arise and how innovation really works. Drawing on a wealth of examples, from historical inventions to the high-tech wonders of today, Arthur takes us on a mind-opening journey that will change the way we think about technology and how it structures our lives. The Nature of Technology is a classic for our times.

Bicicletas para la mente

Bicicletas para la mente

La gran historia que transcurre entre la llegada del ordenador personal y la irrupción de la inteligencia artificial.A las puertas de un mundo dominado por la inteligencia artificial y las gafas de «realidad extendida», cabe preguntarse dónde empezó todo, cómo pasamos del pequeño garaje de Palo Alto en el que Hewlett y Packard revolucionaron la informática a un presente dirigido por los chips.Francesc Bracero, periodista experto en tecnología de consumo, nos introduce en la fascinante historia del paso de la vida analógica a la digital, una narración plagada de visionarios, creativos y genios que han cambiado nuestra vida cotidiana para siempre: el placer, el trabajo, las relaciones sociales o el aprendizaje. Nada queda ya fuera de nuestras pantallas.«Jobs utilizó ampliamente la idea de "bicicleta para la mente" para expresar lo que representarían los ordenadores para la humanidad. Como visionario, supo anticipar que la computación aportaría cosas increíbles, aunque no vio que sus avances también permitirían a millones de personas emplear una parte de su tiempo viendo vídeos de gatitos.»

Race for Space 8: A Step Further

Race for Space 8: A Step Further

It wasn't all plain sailing for Gemini, but by the time the program ended in December 1966 all its objectives had been achieved and NASA was a big step closer to the Moon. Book 8 in the Race for Space series also looks at developments in the USSR, where the tragic loss of design bureau chief Sergei Korolev and a chronic lack of funding were already threatening to jeopardise Soviet hopes of a lunar landing.

Magicienii

Magicienii

Traducere de Walter Fotescu   De cele mai multe ori cunoașterea științifică se lărgește evoluând treptat, din aproape în aproape, dar există și momente de magie, când, fără ajutorul observațiilor sau al dovezilor experimentale, minți strălucite ajung să facă predicții care plonjează adânc în necunoscut, stârnind stupoarea comunității științifice. Așa s-a întâmplat când Le Verrier a dedus nu doar existența planetei Neptun, ci și locul ei pe firmament, când Maxwell sau Dirac au găsit celebrele lor ecuații, când Pauli a prezis existența neutrinului ori când Higgs a identificat mecanismul prin care particulele elementare capătă masă. Toate acestea au fost cu putință grație curajului inte­lectual al acelor magicieni care au crezut ferm în capacitatea matematicii de a descrie realitatea fizică.   Știind să creeze suspans ca un autor de romane polițiste, Marcus Chown spune în Magicienii povestea acestor descoperiri uimitoare urmărind în paralel peripețiile teoreticienilor care au făcut predicțiile și cele ale experimentatorilor care, uneori multe decenii mai târziu, le-au confirmat. Pe lângă faptul că e o lectură captivantă, cartea lui Chown prezintă într-o manieră clară și accesibilă noțiuni subtile de fizică fundamentală și marile probleme rămase încă nerezolvate.   „Magia centrală a științei pare miraculoasă fiindcă nimeni nu știe de ce funcționează. Predicțiile fizicienilor decurg din formule matematice, sau «ecuații», care se constată că descriu aspecte ale universului. Dar nimeni nu știe de ce asemenea ecuații descriu atât de bine lumea fizică sau, pentru a-l parafraza pe Eugene Wigner, fizician austriac din secolul XX, de ce matematica este atât de eficace în științele naturii.“ — MARCUS CHOWN   „Una dintre cele mai bine scrise cărți despre fizică din câte am citit vreodată. Extrem de lămuritoare.“ — Popular Science

Ofdm Based Relay Systems for Future Wireless Communications

Ofdm Based Relay Systems for Future Wireless Communications

Relay systems have become a subject of intensive research interest over the recent years, as it is recognized that they can improve performances and extend the coverage area of wireless communication systems. Special attention has been dedicated to them since the proposal appeared for their implementation in mobile cellular systems. Numerous researches conducted after that proposal have enabled incorporation of OFDM based relay systems in both accepted standards for IMT-Advanced systems. Nowadays, researches are ongoing with the aim to define new solutions for performance improvement of the standardized OFDM relay systems for cellular networks and one of the interesting solutions is implementation of subcarrier permutation (SCP) at the relay (R) station.The book OFDM based relay systems for future wireless communications presents a comprehensive research results in analyzing behavior and performance of the OFDM based relay systems with SCP. Dual-hop relay scenario with three communication terminals, and no direct link between the source (S) and the destination (D) has been analyzed, as it is compliant with the accepted solutions for IMT-Advanced systems. The book includes performance analysis and performance comparison of OFDM based:• amplify-and-forward (AF) relay systems with fixed gain (FG),• amplify-and-forward (AF) relay systems with variable gain (VG),• decode-and-forward (DF) relay systems,each including two SCP schemes, known to maximize the system capacity and/or improve the bit error rate (BER) performances. Performance comparisons have enabled definition of optimal solutions for the future wireless communication systems in a given conditions, and for the given optimality criteria. OFDM based relay systems for future wireless communications contains recent research results in this area and is ideal for the academic staff and master/research students in area of mobile communication systems, as well as for the personnel in communication industry.

Chain Reactions

Chain Reactions

Tracing uranium's past—and how it intersects with our understanding of other radioactive elements—Chain Reactions aims to enlighten readers and refresh our attitudes about the atomic world.Chain Reactions looks at the fascinating, often-forgotten stories that can be found throughout the history of uranium. From glassworks to penny stocks; from medicines to atomic weapons; from something to be feared to a powerful source of energy, this global history explores the scientific narrative of this unique element, but also shines a light on its cultural and social impact.By understanding our nuclear past, we can move beyond the ideological opposition to technologies and encourage a more nuanced dialogue about whether it is feasible—and desirable—to have a genuinely nuclear-powered future.

Éduquer son chien - Agility et jeux Pour les Nuls

Éduquer son chien - Agility et jeux Pour les Nuls

L'agility est un sport canin dans lequel le chien évolue sur un parcours d'obstacles sous la conduite de son maître. Grâce à Eduquer son chien - Agility et jeux pour les Nuls, vous pourrez apprendre des tours d'adresse à votre chien, déterminer ses capacités et les activités qui lui correspondent, faire du sport avec lui... Sarah Hodgson vous donne également les sports préférés de votre animal de compagnie et vous met en garde contre les dix blessures les plus courantes liées au sport.

The Krypto Economy

The Krypto Economy

The Krypto Economy elaborates on the underlying dynamics of our digital era to better create a responsible technological future. Living in a world of exponential technological advancement, we have new construction kits to create and probe possible realities. Marshall McLuan once said that first we build the tools and then the tools build us. We are designed by what we have designed. To design a utopian rather than dystopian future, we took a closer look at the status and potentials of our technological tools. Over a series of seven panel discussions — using some of the most analytical and imaginative minds — we experienced that today's digital instruments are our ultimate Kryptonite. Its benefits have the capacity to aid us exponentially. And yet, its destructive powers — mass surveillance, elimination of privacy, or virtual concentration of power — could push us down a terrifying path. With this book you can join the discourse and find the answers to the most fundamental questions to better navigate towards a responsible technological future.

A Manual of the Mammalia

A Manual of the Mammalia

“An outstanding contribution. . . . The glossary and illustrations are excellent and most helpful. This book will be the standard for years to come.” —Robert M. Timm, Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, and past president, American Society of MammalogistsDouglas A. Kelt and James L. Patton provide a long-overdue update to Timothy E. Lawlor’s Handbook to the Orders and Families of Living Mammals in their new, wholly original work, A Manual of the Mammalia.Complemented by global range maps, high-resolution photographs of skulls and mandibles by Bill Stone, and the outstanding artwork of Fiona Reid, this book provides an overview of biological attributes of each higher taxon while highlighting key and diagnostic characters needed to identify skulls and skins of all recent mammalian orders and most families. Kelt and Patton also place taxa in their currently understood supra-familial clades, and discuss current challenges in higher mammal taxonomy. Including a comprehensive review of mammalian anatomy to provide a foundation for understanding all characters employed throughout, A Manual of the Mammalia is both a handbook for students learning to identify higher mammal taxa and a uniquely comprehensive reference for mammalogists from across the globe.“[A] comprehensive, lavishly illustrated reference book.” —Nature“A success overall. Recommended.” —Choice“There is hardly a better manual for comparing old and new taxonomic and phylogenetic constructs for the Class Mammalia.” —Michael A. Mares, director, curator, and professor emeritus, Sam Noble Museum, University of Oklahoma, and past president, American Society of Mammalogists“Kelt and Patton take mammalogy from a 1990’s flip phone to iPhone 13. A Manual of the Mammalia is entirely on a higher plane.” —Journal of Mammalogy

L'Intelligence artificielle pour les Nuls - 3e édition

L'Intelligence artificielle pour les Nuls - 3e édition

Découvrez à travers ce livre de la collectionpour les Nulsles enjeux que représente l'intelligence artificielleL'intelligence artificielle est un sujet très excitant, dans l'air du temps mais pas toujours simple à comprendre. Elle intervient dans des domaines aussi variés que la protection contre les fraudes, la médecine, les services clients, le cinéma, la télévision ou encore dans le pilotage de votre maison connectée.Ce livre vous montrea ce qu'est et aussi ce que n'est pas l'intelligence artificielle, comment elles est utilisée dans différents domaines aujourd'hui et son avanir à court et moyen terme. Au programme : L'histoire de l'intelligence artificielle Le rôle joué par les données L'utilisation de l'IA dans les applications informatiques, médicales et dans le machine learning Bien comprendre les implications de l'utilisation de l'IA L'IA dans les domaines de la robotique et des drones ChatGPT et l'IA générative

Doctors and Healers

Doctors and Healers

We think we know what healers do: they build on patients’ irrational beliefs and treat them in a ‘symbolic’ way. If they get results, it’s thanks to their capacity to listen, rather than any influence on a clinical level. At the same time, we also think we know what modern medicine is: a highly technical and rational process, but one that scarcely listens to patients at all. In this book, ethnopsychiatrist Tobie Nathan and philosopher Isabelle Stengers argue that this commonly posed opposition between traditional and modern medicine is misleading. They show instead that healers are interesting precisely because they don’t listen to patients, using techniques of ‘divination’ rather than ‘diagnosis’. Healers construct genuine therapeutic strategies by identifying the origins of symptoms in external forces, outside of the mind of the sufferer. Modern medicine, for its part, is characterized by empiricism rather than rationality. What appears to be the pursuit of rationality is ultimately only a means to dismiss and exclude other forms of treatment. Blurring the distinctions between traditional and modern practices and drawing on perspectives from across the globe, this ethnopsychiatric manifesto encourages us to think in radically new ways about illness, challenging accepted notions on the relationship between sufferer and symptom.

Gracias por llegar tarde

Gracias por llegar tarde

En su trabajo más ambicioso hasta la fecha, Thomas L. Friedman muestra los movimientos tectónicos que demuestran que hemos entrado en una era de aceleración vertiginosa -y explica cómo vivir en ella. Gracias a los últimos avances tecnológicos, los alpinistas del Everest disfrutan de excelente servicio de telefonía móvil y los automóviles que se conducen solos ya están en nuestras carreteras. Mientras tanto, la Madre Naturaleza también está experimentando cambios dramáticos a medida que los niveles de carbono se elevan y las especies se extinguen. Y es que según Friedman, tres son las fuerzas aceleradoras que están cambiando nuestro planeta: la ley de Moore (tecnología), el mercado (globalización) y la madre naturaleza (cambio climática y biodiversidad). Estos aceleradores están cambiando cinco reinos clave: el lugar de trabajo, la política, la geopolítica, la ética y la comunidad. Con la vitalidad, el ingenio y optimismo al que ya nos tiene acostumbrados, Friedman muestra que podemos superar las múltiples tensiones de una era de aceleraciones, si disminuimos la velocidad, si nos atrevemos a llegar tarde y usamos el tiempo para reimaginar el trabajo, la política y la comunidad. Gracias por llegar tarde es una guía de lectura esencial para entender el presente y el futuro que nos espera.

Grandes cuestiones. Mente

Grandes cuestiones. Mente

¿Qué significa ser consciente? ¿Nos engaña la mente? ¿Qué es esa cosa llamada amor? ¿Existe realmente el libre albedrío? ¿Es posible pensar en dos cosas a la vez? Grandes cuestiones es una serie pensada para responder a las preguntas fundamentales y a menudo poco explicadas de la ciencia y la filosofía. En cada libro un experto da respuesta de manera concisa y rigurosa a esas grandes preguntas que han dejado perplejos a los hombres. 

Notes on a Unipolar Dynamo

Notes on a Unipolar Dynamo

Nikola Tesla was a Serbian American inventor, electrical engineer, mechanical engineer, physicist, and futurist best known for his contributions to the design of the modern alternating current (AC) electricity supply system. Nikola Tesla is one of those rare people who have marked their age and caused great changes in it, not only in the domain of the immediately applicable inventions, but also in the domain of new ideas and technology of the future. He is one of those people who have inspired many followers and fellow scientists. Nikola Tesla has left to us, for further study and research, not only the published materials, but also a large number of personal notes which are kept at the Nikola Tesla Museum in Belgrade. Even today, some of Tesla's ideas appear fresh and challenging. They are the secrets which, it appears to us, he has discovered but not completely explained, nor confirmed in practice.

Educating Science Teachers for Sustainability

Educating Science Teachers for Sustainability

This volume contains a unique compilation of research and reflections representing multiple vantage points stemming from different parts of the world that can help science educators and teacher educators in finding ways to meaningfully and purposefully embed sustainability into teaching and learning. It is a rich resource for exploring and contextualizing sustainability-oriented science education. At this time we find ourselves in a situation in which the earth’s ecological system is under significant strain as a result of human activity. In the developed world people are asking “How can we maintain our current standard of living?” while those in the developing world are asking “How can we increase the quality of our lives?” all while trying to do what is necessary to mitigate the environmental problems. This volume responds to these questions with a focus on educating for sustainability, including historical and philosophical analyses, and pedagogical and practical applications in the context of science teacher preparation. Included are many examples of ways to educate science teachers for sustainability from authors across the globe. This text argues that issues of sustainability are increasingly important to our natural world, built world, national and international economics, and of course the political world. The ideas presented in the book provide examples for original, effective and necessary changes for envisioning educating science teachers for sustainability that will inform policy makers.